A textbook of refrigeration and air conditioning simple vapour. This is an important advantage as against the conventional vapour251compression system which operates on high grade energy. Based on these analyses, we developed estimates for unit energy savings over baseline vapor compression systems and identified relevant markets for each technology option e. This paper deals with the evaluation of the performance of a refrigeration system by using different refrigerant mixtures. The vapor compression refrigeration system is the most widely used refrigeration system today for air conditioning of large public buildings, private residences, hotels, hospitals, theaters, restaurants, and a host of other services. The refrigeration capacity is 8 tr and the compression is. Lee et al 2006, present a combination of vapor compression cycle and natural refrigerant. Ppt vapour compression cycle powerpoint presentation free. It encompasses working safely, determining refrigerant. Vapor compression refrigeration, in which the refrigerant undergoes phase changes, is one of the many refrigeration cycles and is the most widely used method for airconditioning of buildings and automobiles.
Vapour compression is a distillation process, where evaporation of sea or brackish water is obtained by the application of heat delivered by compressed vapour. The refrigeration capacity is 8 tr and the compression is adiabatic reversible process. Vapourcompression refrigeration or vaporcompression refrigeration system vcrs, in which. Vocabulary background in the thermodynamics and refrigeration literature, several words are used interchangeably that can cause confusion.
The system has more weak, tear and noise due to moving parts in the compressor. Exergy analysis of vapour compression refrigeration system. Pdf in vapour compression refrigeration system, it generates fresh drinking water and also extracts water from humid ambient air by using. We have all experienced a sensation of heat when passing behind a functioning refrigerator or air conditioner. Vapor compression distillation vc is a process used to produce water for injection wfi on the principle of distillation, where the water is distilled with phase change and entrainment separation. Refrigeration may be defined as a process of removing heat from a substance and pumping it to the surroundings. Pdf exergy analysis of vapour compression refrigeration system. The vapour compression cycle which is used in vapour compression refrigeration system is nowadays used for all purpose refrigeration. Review of vapour absorption refrigeration and vapour. Vapor compression refrigeration system basic, working, parts of system introduction. It is also used in domestic and commercial refrigerators, largescale warehouses for chilled or frozen storage of foods and meats. Performance analysis of vapour compression refrigeration system. The vapour compression refrigeration and vapour absorption refrigeration systems were developed around 1870.
The vapor compression refrigeration cycle is nearly 200 years old, but it does not seem ready to leave the scene any time soon. Vapour compression refrigeration system free download as powerpoint presentation. Ozone depletion, global warming, zeotrope blends, vapour compression system optimum. As can be seen, the liquid leaving the condenser is cooled by passing through the throttle valve, where the pressure drops, resulting in partial vaporisation of the refrigerant and a significant reduction in temperature. The ideal vapor compression cycle consists of four processes. The input to the system is in the form of mechanical energy required to run the compressor the actual vapour compression cycle is based on evansperkins cycle, which is also called as reverse. Vapour absorption refrigeration system with diagram. The effect of superheating on vapour compression system.
To reduce energy consumption, water vapor from an evaporator is entrained and compressed with high pressure steam in a thermocompressor so it can be condensed in the. The standard vapor compression refrigeration system is a condenser, evaporator, throttling valve, and a compressor. Experimental setup and procedures the experimental set up of a simple vapour compression refrigeration system used in study is shown in fig. Mar 09, 2016 comparison of vapor absorption system with vapor compression system can be done in 9 aspects, they are energy input, moving part, evaporator pressure, load variation, evaporator exit, coefficient of performance, capacity, refrigerant and lowest temperatures. In the vc process, the vapor produced by evaporating the water is compressed to increase the saturation pressure and temperature. Ppt vapour compression cycle powerpoint presentation. It condenses and evaporates at temperatures and pressures close to the atmospheric conditions. The effect of this superheating of vapour on the performance of the cycle cop can be studied from this diagram. Vaporcompression refrigeration, in which the refrigerant undergoes phase changes, is one of the many refrigeration cycles and is the most widely used method for.
Pdf vapour compression refrigeration system generating. Layout of the r22 vapourcompression refrigeration system. The power utilized in vapour compression system is high grade energy i. Refrigeration and air conditioning systems onboard ships vapour compression systems moving heat from a lower temperature to higher temperature requires work to be done, according to second law of thermodynamics and this work can be done in many ways in different systems. Ueeneej103a establish the basic operating conditions of. Refrigeration and air conditioning systems onboard ships. Pdf vapour compression refrigeration system generating fresh. Vaporcompression refrigeration, in which the refrigerant undergoes phase changes, is one of the many refrigeration cycles and is the most widely used method for airconditioning of buildings and automobiles. Pdf on mar 23, 2015, maqbool ur rehman and others published vapour compression cycle find, read and cite all the research you need on. While some people have viewed this method as environmentally harmful and inefficient, the cycle is still applicable in the industrial sphere. The result obtained from the observation will help to identify the optimum diameter of capillary which could be used in the system to give the best performance. Thermal vapor recompression tvr evaporator swenson.
Figure below is a schematic of the components and flow arrangements for the vapor compression cycle. Refrigeration vcr system with different refrigerants. The vapour compression refrigeration system is by far the most popular and widely used system in refrigeration and air conditioning bot for industrial and domestic applications. This case study demonstrates the modeling of a vapour compression refrigeration system using r22 as refrigerant. Vapour compression refrigera tion system, refrigerant, ozone depletion, global warming, cfc. Another way of improving the performance of a vapor compression refrigeration system is by using multistage compression with regenerative cooling. Multistage vapour compression refrigeration systems departmen of mechanical engineerin lecture17 multistage vapour compression refrigeration systems 1. Simple vapour compression refrigeration system with. Vapor absorption refrigeration cycle or vapor absorption refrigeration system vars pdf. Evaluation of vapour compression refrigeration system using.
Vapor compression refrigeration system basic, working. Vapour compression cycle energy management handbook sixth edition, chapter 8 refrigerator air conditioning plant heat pump refrigerator electricmotordriven. Design of two stage vapour compression refrigeration. In the vapor absorption process, the compression process of the vapor compression cycle is replaced by an absorber, a generator and a pump. Chapter 1012 gas refrigeration systems the power cycles can be used as refrigeration cycles by simply reversing. Apr 02, 2016 vapour compression refrigeration system 1. Vapor compression distillation pharma vapor compressions. To reduce energy consumption, water vapor from an evaporator is entrained and compressed with high pressure steam in a thermocompressor so it can be condensed in the evaporator heat exchanger. Vapour absorption system vapour absorption system is an attractive method for utilizing low grade energy directly for cooling. The vapour absorption system uses heat energy, instead of mechanical energy as in vapour compression systems, in order to change the conditions of the refrigerant required for the operation of the refrigeration cycle. First, evaporation is simply the process of vaporization these two terms are essentially synonymous.
The vapor compression refrigeration cycle, step by step. The evaporator and condenser are fabricated as shell and tube type adiabatic. Introduction a single stage vapour compression refrigeration system has one low side pressure evaporator pressure and one high side pressure condenser pressure. The expansion line, evaporator, suction line and compressor suction head form the. Pharmaceutical vapor compression distillation vcd, improperly known as thermocompression or such as mechanical vapor recompression mvr or mechanical vapor compression mvc distillation, too, is the main way to produce wfi water for injection and grade waters for pharmaceutical use. Comparison of vapor absorption system with vapor compression system can be done in 9 aspects, they are energy input, moving part, evaporator pressure, load variation, evaporator exit, coefficient of performance, capacity, refrigerant and lowest temperatures. Vapor compression refrigeration system basic, working, parts of. Gandhinagar institute of technology subject applied thermal and hydraulic engineering2140907 branch electrical topic refrigeration vapour compression refrigeration system 2. The absorption was the predecessor of the vapour compression system in 19th century and aqua ammonia system enjoyed wide applications in domestic refrigerators and large industrial installations in the chemical and process industries. Most of the domestic refrigerators work on the following refrigeration system a vapour compression b vapour absorption c carnot cycle d electrolux refrigerator e dual cycle. In this system, the working substance is a refrigerant like nh 3, r11, r12. Swenson thermal vapor recompression tvr evaporators use a thermocompressor to reduce the steam required per pound of evaporation. A vapour compression refrigeration system is an improved type of air refrigeration system in which a suitable working substance, termed as refrigerant is used. Refrigerants for vapour compression refrigeration systems.
This refrigeration system works under vapour compression cycle with the basic principle the liquid when evaporates. If the vapour is compressed after it has become dry and saturated then the vapour becomes superheated. Comparison of vapor absorption system with vapor compression. Difference between vapour compression and vapour absorption pdf. Vapour compression refrigeration system refrigeration heat. It also includes the process of maintaining and reducing the temperature of a body below the general temperature of its surroundings. The general rule for rating refrigeration systems excepting for c02 system. The evaporating temperature is 25 oc and condensing temperature 47 oc. The effect of compressing water vapour is obtained by means of an electrically driven, mechanical centrifugal compressor. Thermal vapor recompression tvr evaporator swenson thermal vapor recompression tvr evaporators use a thermocompressor to reduce the steam required per pound of evaporation. This approach involves the operation of a vapor compression refrigeration cycle to induce heat to travel in a. Vapour compression cycle definite guide with video. In a vapour compression refrigeration system, refrigeration is obtained as the refrigerant evaporates at low temperatures.
The refrigerant used does not leave the system but is circulated throughout the system. Vaporcompression refrigeration, in which the refrigerant undergoes. Evaluation of vapour compression refrigeration system. A textbook of refrigeration and air conditioning by r. The vaporcompression refrigeration cycle can also be used to liquefy gases after some modifications. System description the layout of the system is shown in figure 1. The vapor compression refrigeration cycle is a common method for transferring heat from a low temperature to a high temperature. The most common refrigeration system in use today involves the input of work from a compressor and uses the vapor compression cycle. The principle of the system is to make use of two substances that can be separated when heated. It is used for all industrial purposes from a small domestic refrigerator to a big air conditioning plant. The vapor compression refrigeration cycle can also be used to liquefy gases after some modifications. In absorption refrigeration system, however, heat is directly utilized as source of energy. Vapor absorption refrigeration cycle or vapor absorption refrigeration systemvars pdf. In the vapour absorption system, an absorber, a pump, a generator and a pressurereducing valve replace the compressor.
Thermal vapor recompression tvr evaporator swenson technology. Both a steadystate and a transient simulation will be considered. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. The isentropic expansion from state 4 to state 5 gives the refrigeration effect, the area under line 51. The saline water is evaporated at subatmospheric pressure. The absorption systems have experienced many ups and downs. The standard vapour compression refrigeration system section 10. It is then throttled to the evaporator pressure and vaporizes as it absorbs heat from the refrigerated space.
Multistage vapour compression refrigeration example1 two stage compression system with water intercooler uses r4a as shown in figure1. Exery analysis of vapour compression refrigeration system 2517 the graph plotted above between the exer gy losses in different components vs condenser temperature reveals the fallowing points. Since the pressure increase of the vapor also generates an increase in the condensation temperature, the same vapor can serve as the heating medium for its mother liquid or solution being concentrated, from which the. This approach involves the operation of a vapor compression refrigeration cycle to induce heat to travel in a direction contrary to gross environmental. As shown in the figure the standard single stage, saturated vapour compression refrigeration system consists of the following four. Refrigerant r22 vapour enters a positive displacement compressor at a slightly. In vapour compression refrigeration system, it generates fresh drinking water and also extracts water from humid ambient air by using cooling condensation process.
Department of energy office of energy efficiency and renewable energy. Joshi 1 department of mechanical engineering, walchand college of engineering, sangli 416415, maharashtra, india abstract refrigeration is the process of reducing and maintaining the temperature of a space or material below the. Design of two stage vapour compression refrigeration system. Layout of the r22 vapour compression refrigeration system. Actual vapour compression cycle watch more videos at. Vapour compression systems are used for refrigeration and air conditioning. Vaporcompression evaporation is the evaporation method by which a blower, compressor or jet ejector is used to compress, and thus, increase the pressure of the vapor produced. Compressor is said to the heart of the vapour compression system compresses the vapour refrigerant from the. Vapour compression refrigeration or vapor compression refrigeration system vcrs, in which the refrigerant undergoes phase changes, is one of the many refrigeration cycles and is the most widely used method for airconditioning of buildings and automobiles. Ueeneej103a establish the basic operating conditions of vapour compression systems modification history not applicable unit descriptor unit descriptor 1 1. Design of two stage vapour compression refrigeration system with water intercooler 1pravin d. Jun 01, 2017 vapour compression refrigeration system in hindi. The system is quiet in operation due to less number of moving parts. Vapor compression system an overview sciencedirect topics.
591 946 1571 1356 217 1348 521 731 1209 1459 571 1600 714 265 1182 811 1405 1488 1067 1482 1431 1443 1034 407 351 931 183 99 57 401 1015